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The Functional programming paradigm was explicitly created to supprot a pure funtional approach to problem solving. Functional programming is a form of declarative programing. In contrast, most mainstream languages including object-oriented programing (OOP) languages such C#, Visual Basic, C++, and java, were designed to primarily support imperative (procedural) programming.
With an imperative approach, a developer writes code that describes in exacting detail the steps that the computer must take to accomplish the goal. This is sometimes referred as algorithmic programming. In contrast, a functional approach involves composing the problem as a set of functions to be executed. You define carefully input to each function returns. The following table describes some of the general differences these two approaches.
Although most languages were designed to support a specific programming paradigm, many general languages are flexible enough to support multiple paradigms. For example, most languages that contain function pointers can be used to credibly support functional programming,. Furthermore, in C# 3.0 and Visual Basic 9.0, explicit language extensions have been added to support functional programming, including lambda expressions and type inference. LINQ technology is a form declarative, functional programming.
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